China has the largest population in the world, and the population of each province and city is also quite large. According to the statistics of 2018, there is an increase in data compared to 2010.
The specific population data of each province, city and country are as follows:
| Ranking | Area | 2010 Census | 2018 Census |
| 0 | National | 1 billion 332 million 810thousand | 1 billion 390 million 80 thousand |
| 1 | Guang Dong Province | 104 million 320 thousand | 111 million 690 thousand |
| 2 | Shan Dong Province | 95 million 790 thousand | 100 million 58 thousand |
| 3 | He Nan Province | 94 million 20 thousand | 95 million 591 thousand |
| 4 | Si Chuan Province | 80 million 410 thousand | 83 million 20 thousand |
| 5 | Jiang Su Province | 78 million 660 thousand | 80 million 293 thousand |
| 6 | He Bei Province | 71 million 850 thousand | 75 million 195 thousand |
| 7 | Hu Nan Province | 65 million 700 thousand | 68 million 602 thousand |
| 8 | An Hui Province | 59 million 500 thousand | 62 million 548 thousand |
| 9 | Hu Bei Province | 57 million 230 thousand | 59 million 20 thousand |
| 10 | Zhe Jiang Province | 54 million 420 thousand | 56 million 570 thousand |
| 11 | Guang Xi Province | 46 million 20 thousand | 48 million 850 thousand |
| 12 | Yun Nan Province | 45 million 960 thousand | 48 million 5 thousand |
| 13 | Jiang Xi Province | 44 million 560 thousand | 46 million 221 thousand |
| 14 | Liao Ning Province | 43 million 740 thousand | 43 million 689 thousand |
| 15 | Fu Jian Province | 36 million 890 thousand | 39 million 110 thousand |
| 16 | Shaanxi Province | 37 million 320 thousand | 38 million 354 thousand |
| 17 | Hei Longjiang Province | 38 million 310 thousand | 37 million 887 thousand |
| 18 | Shan Xi Province | 35 million 710 thousand | 37 million 23 thousand |
| 19 | Gui Zhou Province | 34 million 740 thousand | 35 million 800 thousand |
| 20 | Chong Qing City | 28 million 840 thousand | 30 million 484 thousand |
| 21 | Ji Lin Province | 27 million 450 thousand | 27 million 174 thousand |
| 22 | Gan Su Province | 25 million 570 thousand | 26 million 257 thousand |
| 23 | Nei Menggu Province | 24 million 700 thousand | 25 million 286 thousand |
| 24 | Xin Jiang Province | 21 million 810 thousand | 24 million 446 thousand |
| 25 | Shang Hai City | 23 million 10 thousand | 24 million 183 thousand |
| 26 | Tai Wan Province | 23 million 690 thousand | |
| 27 | Bei Jing City | 19 million 610 thousand | 21 million 707 thousand |
| 28 | Tian Jin City | 12 million 930 thousand | 15 million 568 thousand |
| 29 | Hai Nan Province | 8 million 670 thousand | 9 million 257 thousand |
| 30 | Hong Kong | 7 million 430 thousand | |
| 31 | Ning Xia Province | 6 million 300 thousand | 6 million 817 thousand |
| 32 | Qing Hai Province | 5 million 620 thousand | 5 million 983 thousand |
| 33 | Tibet | 3 million | 3 million 371 thousand |
| 34 | Macao | 632 thousand |